The link above is a good one. Most of that stuff I learned through trial and error. You might try PB Blaster on the pin after taking the nut off and letting it soak. After putting the nut back on I would recommend using the proper socket and socket extension and hitting the end of the extension...
Very cool bike Rowboat and welcome to the forum! I've lived in a few towns in Tennessee along the way - Madison, White House, Knoxville, & Kingsport. Nice folks down that way!
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Not sure if the wheelbase is what you're interested in or top tube length but a Giant Simple is 24" on center from headtube to seat tube - but then it isn't a cantilever frame. You might try wider buckhorn bars too- like 24" or 29".I could see wheelbase being a problem if the tire or fender is...