They make some big-wheel skates called LandRollers and Chariot Skates but you have to skate like any other skates. These look like they're pump action for propulsion. Probably not very efficient.
My great-great-grandfather, Thomas Spacie, had several patents for similar sets of roller skates from the early 1900s that are "self propelled" so to speak... one of the drawings is very similar to these. I kinda want a set, they look dangerous!!!!